伊斯兰侵占印度时期:从世界史上被抹去的最大规模种族屠杀

本文来自ysljdj.org/topic19/tc-1

BY JEWSNEWS（sikh24.com/2015/01/27/i）/发表于世界歷史文献（sikh24.com/category/art，sikh24.com/category/art，sikh24.com/category/new） /2015年1月27日

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The genocide suffered by the Hindus of India at the hands of Arab, Turkish, Mughal and Afghan occupying forces for a period of 800 years is as yet formally unrecognised by the World

在阿拉伯、土耳其、莫卧儿王朝和阿富汗势力佔据印度的800年间，印度教徒和锡克教徒所遭受的种族大屠杀迄今尚未被全世界公认。

The only similar genocide in the recent past was that of the Jewish people at the hands of the Nazis.

在近代历史中，类似的种族灭绝只有纳粹对犹太人的大屠杀。

The holocaust of the Hindus in India was of even greater proportions, the only difference was that it continued for 800 years, till the brutal regimes were effectively overpowered in a life and death struggle by the Sikhs in the Panjab and the Hindu Maratha armies in other parts of India in the late 1700’s.

发生在印度的印度教徒大屠杀的死亡人数甚至更多，唯一的区别是持续了八百年，直到十八世纪末期，在旁遮普省的锡克教徒和印度其他地区的印度马拉（Maratha）军的生死较量中，暴政才被推翻。

We have elaborate literary evidence of the World’s biggest holocaust from existing historical contemporary eyewitness accounts. The historians and biographers of the invading armies and subsequent rulers of India have left quite detailed records of the atrocities they committed in their day-to-day encounters with India’s Hindus.

在现存的当代历史目击记载中，有这个世界上最大规模的大屠杀的详尽文字证据。关于侵略军和随后的统治者在与印度教徒的日常接触中犯下的暴行，他们的历史学家及传记作者们留下了相当详细的记录。

These contemporary records boasted about and glorified the crimes that were committed – and the genocide of tens of millions of Hindus, mass rapes of Hindu women and the destruction of thousands of ancient Hindu / Buddhist temples and libraries have been well documented and provide solid proof of the World’s biggest holocaust.

这些当代的记录夸耀他们犯下的罪行并以此为荣－数千万的印度教徒被屠杀，大批印度教妇女被强奸，几千座印度教／佛教的古代寺庙和图书馆遭到破坏，这为世界上最大规模的大屠杀提供了保存完好的铁证。

Dr. Koenraad Elst in his article “Was There an Islamic Genocide of Hindus?” states:

“There is no official estimate of the total death toll of Hindus at the hands of Islam. A first glance at important testimonies by Muslim chroniclers suggests that, over 13 centuries and a territory as vast as the Subcontinent, Muslim Holy Warriors easily killed more Hindus than the 6 million of the Holocaust. Ferishtha lists several occasions when the Bahmani sultans in central India (1347-1528) killed a hundred thousand Hindus, which they set as a minimum goal whenever they felt like punishing the Hindus; and they were only a third-rank provincial dynasty.

The biggest slaughters took place during the raids of Mahmud Ghaznavi (ca. 1000 CE); during the actual conquest of North India by Mohammed Ghori and his lieutenants (1192 ff.); and under the Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526).”

昆拉德·艾斯特博士（Dr. Koenraad Elst）在他撰写的文章「伊斯兰对印度教徒的种族大屠杀存在吗？（Was There an Islamic Genocide of Hindus?）」中说道：

「至于有多少印度教徒死在伊斯兰的手中，并没有官方的估计资料。粗略流览一下穆斯林编年史中的重要证词，提到超过13个世纪以来，在南亚次大陆的疆域上，穆斯林圣战士杀死的印度教徒远远多于纳粹所屠杀的600万。费莉丝塔（Ferishtha）列出了若干事件，印度中部的巴赫曼苏丹国（Bahmani sultans）（1347－1528年)屠杀了10万印度教徒，无论何时他们想要惩罚印度教徒就把10万设为最低目标；而且，他们只是一个第三等级的地方王朝。

最大的屠杀发生在马哈茂德·伽色尼（Mahmud Ghaznavi）的袭击期间（大概公元1000年）；穆罕默德·廓尔（Mohammed Ghori）和他的副手们真正佔领印度北部期间（公元1192以后）；以及德里苏丹国（Delhi Sultanate）统治期间（1206－1526年）。

He also writes in his book “Negation in India”:

“The Muslim conquests, down to the 16th century, were for the Hindus a pure struggle of life and death. Entire cities were burnt down and the populations massacred, with hundreds of thousands killed in every campaign, and similar numbers deported as slaves. Every new invader made (often literally) his hills of Hindus skulls. Thus, the conquest of Afghanistan in the year 1000 was followed by the annihilation of the Hindu population; the region is still called the Hindu Kush, i.e. Hindu slaughter.”

他还在着作「被抹杀的印度（Negation in India）」中写道：

「直到16世纪，穆斯林对印度教徒的征伐纯粹是一场生与死的角逐。每次战役中，许多城市被完全烧毁，整个族群被屠杀，数以十万计的人死于非命，数以十万计的人被当作奴隶掳出境。每个新的侵略者大多都（实实在在地）用印度教徒的尸骨堆成了山。因此，公元1000年对阿富汗的侵佔就是从大量屠杀印度教徒开始；这个地区至今仍被称作兴都库什（Hindu Kush），意思是屠杀印度教徒。」

Will Durant argued in his 1935 book “The Story of Civilisation: Our Oriental Heritage” (page 459):

“The Mohammedan conquest of India is probably the bloodiest story in history. The Islamic historians and scholars have recorded with great glee and pride the slaughters of Hindus, forced conversions, abduction of Hindu women and children to slave markets and the destruction of temples carried out by the warriors of Islam during 800 AD to 1700 AD. Millions of Hindus were converted to Islam by sword during this period.”

威尔·杜兰特（Will Durant）在1935年的书「文明的故事：我们的东方遗珠（The Story of Civilisation: Our Oriental Heritage）」（第459页）中写道：

「穆斯林侵略印度可能是历史上最血腥的事件。伊斯兰历史学家和学者幸灾乐祸且引以为豪地记录下，在公元800年到1700年期间伊斯兰战士大肆屠杀印度教徒，强迫他们改皈伊斯兰，把印度教妇女和儿童绑架到奴隶市场交易，并拆毁印度教寺庙。这个时期，千百万印度教徒在刀剑下被迫改皈伊斯兰。」

Francois Gautier in his book ‘Rewriting Indian History’ (1996) wrote:

“The massacres perpetuated by Muslims in India are unparalleled in history, bigger than the Holocaust of the Jews by the Nazis; or the massacre of the Armenians by the Turks; more extensive even than the slaughter of the South American native populations by the invading Spanish and Portuguese.”

弗朗索瓦·戈蒂埃（Francois Gautier）在他的书「重写印度历史（Rewriting Indian History）」（1996 年）中写道：

「穆斯林在印度施行的大屠杀是史无前例的，规模超过了纳粹对犹太人的大屠杀；超过土耳其人对亚美尼亚人的大屠杀；比西班牙和葡萄牙人侵略南美洲原住民时的屠杀更甚。」

Writer Fernand Braudel wrote in A History of Civilisations (1995), that Islamic rule in India as a

“colonial experiment” was “extremely violent”, and “the Muslims could not rule the country except by systematic terror. Cruelty was the norm – burnings, summary executions, crucifixions or impalements, inventive tortures. Hindu temples were destroyed to make way for mosques. On occasion there were forced conversions. If ever there were an uprising, it was instantly and savagely repressed: houses were burned, the countryside was laid waste, men were slaughtered and women were taken as slaves.”

在「文明史（A History of Civilisations）」（1995年）中，作家弗尔南多·布罗代尔（Fernand Braudel）如此描述伊斯兰对印度的统治：

「殖民实验」就是「极端暴力」，「除非用系统性的恐怖手段，穆斯林不可能统治这个国家。残暴是常规性的－烧杀，斩立决，钉十字架或穿刺刑，各种意想不到的折磨刑罚。为了修建清真寺，印度教寺庙被毁坏。偶尔会强迫皈依伊斯兰。一旦有造反，就会立即被野蛮镇压：房屋被烧毁，村庄被夷为平地，男人被杀，女人则被逼为奴。」

Alain Danielou in his book, Histoire de l’ Inde writes:

“From the time Muslims started arriving, around 632 AD, the history of India becomes a long, monotonous series of murders, massacres, spoliations, and destructions. It is, as usual, in the name of ‘a holy war’ of their faith, of their sole God, that the barbarians have destroyed civilizations, wiped out entire races.”

阿兰·达尼埃卢（Alain Danielou）在他的书「印度历史（Histoire de l’ Inde）」中写道：

「从穆斯林开始入侵的公元632年左右起，印度的历史就变成一连串肆意杀戮、豪取强夺的浩劫。像往常一样，这群野蛮人以他们所信仰的『圣战』和独一真主的名义，摧毁了文明社会，消灭了整个民族。」

Irfan Husain in his article “Demons from the Past” observes:

“While historical events should be judged in the context of their times, it cannot be denied that even in that bloody period of history, no mercy was shown to the Hindus unfortunate enough to be in the path of either the Arab conquerors of Sindh and south Punjab, or the Central Asians who swept in from Afghanistan…The Muslim heroes who figure larger than life in our history books committed some dreadful crimes. Mahmud of Ghazni, Qutb-ud-Din Aibak, Balban, Mohammed bin Qasim, and Sultan Mohammad Tughlak, all have blood-stained hands that the passage of years has not cleansed..Seen through Hindu eyes, the Muslim invasion of their homeland was an unmitigated disaster.

“Their temples were razed, their idols smashed, their women raped, their men killed or taken slaves. When Mahmud of Ghazni entered Somnath on one of his annual raids, he slaughtered all 50,000 inhabitants. Aibak killed and enslaved hundreds of thousands. The list of horrors is long and painful. These conquerors justified their deeds by claiming it was their religious duty to smite non-believers. Cloaking themselves in the banner of Islam, they claimed they were fighting for their faith when, in reality, they were indulging in straightforward slaughter and pillage…”

伊尔凡·侯赛因（Irfan Husain）在他的文章「历史上的恶魔（Demons from the Past）」中指出：

「尽管历史事件应该在相应的时代背景下审视，但不可否认，就算在血腥的年代，无论是阿拉伯人征伐信德省和旁遮普省南部，还是中亚人从阿富汗横扫的时期，他们对印度人都毫无怜悯可言，惨不忍睹...我们历史书中塑造的高大无比的穆斯林英雄们犯下了滔天大罪。伽色尼帝国的马哈茂德（Mahmud of Ghazni）、库特布-乌德-丁·艾巴克（Quetb-ud-Din Aibak）、巴勒班（Balban）、穆罕默德·伊本·凯西木（Mohammed bin Qasim）和苏丹国的穆罕默德·图格鲁克（Sultan Mohammad Tughlak），这些人的双手通通沾满了鲜血，不管过了多少年也无法洗净...从印度教徒的角度来看，穆斯林入侵他们的家园简直是个彻头彻尾的大灾难。

他们的庙宇被夷为平地，偶像被捣毁，妇女遭到强奸，男人被杀死或奴役。伽色尼帝国的马哈茂德在一次对索姆纳特（Somnath）的突击中就屠杀了所有50000居民。艾巴克杀害并奴役的人数以十万计。一一列出这些恐怖事件太过冗长和惨痛了。这些征伐者为自己的恶行辩解，说击杀非信徒是他们的宗教义务。他们以伊斯兰的旗帜为粉饰，声称是为了自己的信仰而战，可在现实中，他们却纯粹沉浸在杀戮和掠夺中...」

A sample of contemporary eyewitness accounts of the invaders and rulers, during the Indian conquests

The Afghan ruler Mahmud al-Ghazni invaded India no less than seventeen times between 1001 – 1026 AD. The book ‘Tarikh-i-Yamini’ – written by his secretary documents several episodes of his bloody military campaigns : “The blood of the infidels flowed so copiously [at the Indian city of Thanesar] that the stream was discoloured, notwithstanding its purity, and people were unable to drink it…the infidels deserted the fort and tried to cross the foaming river…but many of them were slain, taken or drowned… Nearly fifty thousand men were killed.”

当代目击者对印度被占领时期的侵略者和统治者的叙述中有一例证词：

阿富汗统治者马哈茂德·伽色尼于公元1001－1026年期间入侵印度超过十七次。「Tarikh-i-Yamini」一书由他的书记官撰写，记录了这些血腥的征伐，其中有几个片段写道：「[在印度城市塔内萨尔（Thanesar）中]异教徒血流成河，把河水都染红了，人不能喝...异教徒舍弃他们的营地试图淌过汹涌的河流...但其中许多人被杀、被捕或被淹死...有将近五万人被杀死。」

In the contemporary record – ‘ Taj-ul-Ma’asir’ by Hassn Nizam-i-Naishapuri, it is stated that when Qutb-ul- Din Aibak (of Turko – Afghan origin and the First Sultan of Delhi 1194-1210 AD) conquered Meerat, he demolished all the Hindu temples of the city and erected mosques on their sites. In the city of Aligarh, he converted Hindu inhabitants to Islam by the sword and beheaded all those who adhered to their own religion.

由Hassn Nizam-i-Naishapuri所着的当代记录「Taj-ul-Ma’asir」指出，库特布-乌德-丁·艾巴克（Qutb-ul- Din Aibak）（突厥汗国人／阿富汗土耳其人，在公元1194年－1210年期间统治德里苏丹国的第一个王朝）佔领了城市米勒特（Meerat），他拆毁了这座城市里的所有印度教庙宇，并在原址上建起清真寺。在阿利加尔市（Aligarh），他用刀剑强迫印度教徒改皈伊斯兰，并把所有坚持自己信仰的人斩首。

The Persian historian Wassaf writes in his book ‘Tazjiyat-ul-Amsar wa Tajriyat ul Asar’ that when the Alaul-Din Khilji (An Afghan of Turkish origin and second ruler of the Khilji Dynasty in India 1295-1316 AD) captured the city of Kambayat at the head of the gulf of Cambay, he killed the adult male Hindu inhabitants for the glory of Islam, set flowing rivers of blood, sent the women of the country with all their gold, silver, and jewels, to his own home, and made about twentv thousand Hindu maidens his private slaves.

波斯历史学家瓦撒夫（Wassaf）在他的书「Tazjiyat-ul-Amsar wa Tajriyat ul Asar」中写道，当阿拉乌丁·卡尔吉（Alaul Din Khilji）（突厥汗国人／阿富汗土耳其人，公元1295年－1316年间卡尔吉王朝在印度的第二个统治者）佔领了处于坎贝湾（Cambay）最前端的巴益城（Kambayat），为了伊斯兰的荣耀，他屠杀了印度教徒中的成年男子，使得血流成河，并把城中的妇女连同所有金银珠宝带回家，让一万二千多名印度少女成为他的私人奴婢。


本文最初发表于JEWSNEWS.CO.IL


这篇文章翻译自Jews News的在线文章「Islamic India: The Biggest Holocaust in World History Whitewashed from History Books」

http://www.sikh24.com/2015/01/27/islamic-india-the-biggest-holocaust-in-world-history-whitewashed-from-history-books/#.VMzocE39mUk

编辑于 2017-10-30 18:36
伊斯兰教
种族屠杀